托福听力高频题型主旨题解题技巧实例讲解
托福考试中无论是对话conversation还是讲座lecture中，询问素材大意的主旨题都是常见的高频题型。今天小编给大家带来了托福听力高频题型主旨题解题技巧实例讲解 ,希望能够帮助到大家，一起来学习吧。
托福听力高频题型主旨题解题技巧实例讲解
做好托福听力主旨题无关词汇量从开头找线索
关于托福听力主旨题的解题技巧，考生应该首先注意的是这两种题型与大家词汇量的多少无关。也就是说，词汇量即使很少也不会给这两种题型的解题造成障碍。考生真正要做的是首先听准开头;特别是开头句型，之后找出对话目的;如果开头没有把握准，那么要注意全文重复词汇;最后要听准关键词并对实义词(名词、动词、形容词)足够敏感。
托福听力对话和讲座如何听准开头段?
那么，考生应该如何听准托福听力的开头段呢?大家要注意的是，在conversation和lecture的开头中，有的文章会出现寒暄部分。
比如，在conversation中两个说话者的在开头部分都会出现互相问好的寒暄语：
e.g.1 A : Hey, how is everything going?
B: Well, everything is going fine.
e.g.2 A: Hi, are you Paula?
B: Oh, hi, Jim. Nice to see you!
在这些寒暄之后说话人A说Do you need some tutoring in English? 说话人B说：yes, I am taking English composition and my English is not very good. 这才是文章的真正内容，也就是文章的主旨。所以选项的相应部分选择的是：She needs a tutoring appointment!
在lecture中，有时教授上来不会直接切入正题，而是先会寒暄几句。
例1： 有个教授上来先说I am sorry that I didn’t bring your paper, and it took longer to grade than I thought. So I will bring you the paper next class. Today, I want to continue our topic about Renaissance. 所以 “I am sorry that I didn’t bring your paper, and it took longer to grade than I thought. So I will bring you the paper next class.” 这句话都是在说与文章主旨无关紧要的话。而真正与文章主旨有关的是以today开头的这句话!所以，显而易见，这篇文章的主要内容就是文艺复兴Renaissance。
例2： In the last class, we discussed the Jazz music history. But today, I am going to talk about the development of the jazz music. 那么很显然，In the last class, we discussed the Jazz music history.这是上节课讲的内容。在强转折but之后，老师紧接着说I am going to talk about the development of the jazz music. 那么，文章的主旨也就很明确了。
托福听力练习对照文本
Last week we talked about Anne Bradstreet and the role of women in the Puritan colonies.
上周我们谈论过Anne Bradstreet以及在北美殖民地中女性的角色。
Today I want to talk about some other women who've contributed to American history—some famous and some not-so-famous.
今天我想谈谈对美国历史作出贡献的一些其他女性——有些很著名也有些不著名。
The first woman I'd like to talk about is Molly Pitcher.
第一位女性我想要谈论的是Molly Pitcher
Those of you who are familiar with the name may know her as a hero of the American Revolution.
你们之中那些熟悉这个名字的，可能会作为美国独立战争的英雄而知道她。
But, in fact, there never was a woman named Molly Pitcher.
但是，事实上，从来没有一个女人叫做Molly Pitcher。
Her real name was actually Mary Ludwig Hays.
她真正的名字实际上是Mary Ludwig Hays。
She got the nickname Molly Pitcher for her acts of bravery during the Revolutionary War.
她得到Molly Pitcher这个外号是因为她在革命战争(美国独立战争)期间的英勇表现。
As the story goes, when Mary's—or Molly's—husband, John Hays, enlisted in the artillery, Mary followed, like many other wives did.
据说，当Mary的—或者说 Molly的—丈夫，John Hays，应征参加了炮兵，Mary跟随而去，像很多其他的妻子那样。
She helped out doing washing and cooking for the soldiers.
她帮忙为士兵洗衣做饭。
She was known to be a pretty unusual woman.
她作为一个相当不寻常的女人为人所知。
She smoked a pipe and chewed tobacco.
她抽烟斗，并且嚼烟草。
Anyway, in the summer of 1778, at the Battle of Monmouth, it was a blistering hot day, maybe over a hundred degrees, and fifty soldiers died of thirst during the battle.
总之，在1778年的夏天，在Monmouth之战，那是极热的一天，也许超过了100度，在战斗期间五十名士兵死于口渴。
Molly wasn't content to stay back at camp.
Molly不满足于留守在营地。
Instead, she ran through gunshots and cannon fire carrying water in pitchers from a small stream out to the thirsty American soldiers.
相反，她跑着穿过枪林弹雨用水罐从小溪中打水送给口渴的美国士兵。
The relief that she brought with her pitchers of water gave her the legendary nickname Molly Pitcher.
她用她水罐里的水带来的安慰(的事迹)，给予了她传奇的绰号Molly Pitcher。
The story also says that she continued to load and fire her husband's cannon after he was wounded.
这个故事还说，她在她丈夫受伤之后继续用他的炮装弹并开火。
They say she was so well liked by the other soldiers that they call her "Sergeant Molly."
据说她是如此地受到其他士兵的喜欢，以至于他们称呼她“Molly军士”
In fact, legend has it that George Washington himself gave her the special military title.
事实上，传说George Washington亲自给予了她这个特殊的军衔。
托福听力练习对照文本
Before I tell you about the interesting discovery related to Tyrannosaurus rex, I need to review something we studied last semester, the difference between what are commonly called cold-blooded and warm-blooded animals.
在我告诉你们和Tyrannosaurus(暴龙/霸王龙)rex(雷克斯霸王龙/雷克斯暴龙)有关的有趣发现之前，我需要回顾一下我们上学期学过的内容，通常被称作冷血和温血动物之间的区别
In warm-blooded animals, birds and mammals, for example, the body temperature normally stays within a narrow range, no matter what the outside temperature is.
在温血动物中，举例来说，鸟类和哺乳动物，体温通常保持在一个小范围内，不管外面温度是多少。
As a result, a warm-blooded animal is usually active in both cold and hot weather because its body temperature can adjust to the temperature of its environment.
结果，温血动物通常在冷热天气中都很活跃，因为它的体温能适应它的环境温度
On the other hand, cold-blooded animals, such as most reptiles, amphibians, and insects, are unable to create enough heat internally to raise their temperature above the temperature of the environment.
另一方面，冷血动物，比如大多数的爬行动物，两栖动物，和昆虫，不能产生足够的内在的热量来把它们的温度提升到环境温度之上。
So, for example, the temperature of a cold-blooded animal falls when the environment is cool.
所以，举例来说，当环境冷时，冷血动物的体温会下降。
I hope this distinction is clear. Now, moving on to Tyrannosaurus rex, you may know that dinosaurs, being reptiles, are generally believed to have been cold-blooded.
我希望这种区别是清晰的。现在，转移到霸王龙rex，你可能知道恐龙，作为爬行动物，通常被认为是冷血的。
Well, a recent research study found that the chemical composition of the bones of Tyrannosaurus rex was consistent with the bones of an animal that has a very narrow range of internal temperature, indicating that it was probably warm-blooded.
好，最近的调查研究发现霸王龙 rex的骨头的化学组成同内部温度有很小范围(变化的)动物的骨头是一致的，表明它可能是温血的。
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