翻译资格技巧和经验：英语中不“吃醋”
英语中不“吃醋”该如何翻译呢?今天小编给大家带来了翻译资格技巧和经验，希望可以帮助到同学们。下面小编就和大家分享，来欣赏一下吧。
翻译资格技巧和经验：英语中不“吃醋”
原文：She spoke with a touch of vinegar.
译文：她说话带着一点醋意。
辨析：乍一看译文一点不错，还有点文采，但实际上却是错译。此句的关键在于vinegar的隐喻含义。Vinegar是“醋”不错，但这两个中英文词只有在指那种带酸味的调料(即词的本义)时，意思才是一样的。“说话带点醋意”当然不指说话人嘴里真的带醋味儿，而是隐喻，表示妒忌(即隐含意义connotative meaning)。
然而，英语中的vinegar的隐含意义不同于汉语“醋”的隐含意义，与嫉妒无关，而是表示“不高兴”或“尖酸刻薄”。因此，原句应译为：她说的有点刻薄。
不过要注意：vinegar在美语中还有“精力充沛”的意思，如a kid full of vinegar是“一个活蹦乱跳的小伙子”。反过来，汉语的“吃醋”当然也不能译成eat/taste vinegar，而应是be jealous。有趣的是，英语文化中把“嫉妒”和jaundice(黄疸)连起来，说某人嫉妒是bejaundiced。顺便说一下，形容一个人言谈迂腐、说话酸溜溜的，英语是pedantic或priggish;a sour fellow是“一个脾气乖张的人”;the sweet andsour of life则指“人生苦乐”。
与之有关的颜色隐喻，英汉也不一样，汉语中嫉妒别人常说“得了红眼病”，而英语却说green-eyed。嫉妒被称为green-eyed monster;莎士比亚把“嫉妒”称为the green sickness。
2020年CATTI 笔译二级精选词汇
equality and mutual benefit 平等互利
principle of equality and mutual benefit
平等互利原则
equal partnership 平等伙伴关系
equal consultation 平等协商
concerted effort 齐心协力
discrimination 歧视
make positive contribution to 起积极作用
millennium 千年
prospect; future 前景
condemn 谴责
violate; encroach on; be an encroachment on 侵犯
seek common ground while reserving/shelving/putting aside differences 求同存异
twists and turns 曲折
yield to 屈服
trend 趋势
all-round cooperation 全方位合作
all-round; all-around 全面的;全方位的
comprehensive engagement 全面接触
all-round improvement 全面提高
globalization 全球化
the world at large; the world over 全世界
rights and interests 权利和义务
(make) concessions 让步
humanitarian 人道主义者
fusion 融合
trilateral 三边的
convey profound condolences to 深切哀悼
size up the situation 审时度势
mission 使命
undertaking; cause 事业
momentum 势头
build shared optimism 树立共有的乐观精神
bilateral 双边的
bilateral relations 双边关系
bilateral cooperation 双边合作
bilateral channels 双边渠道
encroachment 侵犯
endeavor 努力
enduring 持久的;不朽的
enrich 充实
equitable 公平的;公正的
era 纪元
erupt 突然爆发
escalation 升级
exacerbate 恶化，使......加剧
flaunt 炫耀;标榜
fluctuation 波动;起伏不定
foil 阻扰;挫败
formulation 明确表达;简洁陈述
foundation 基础;基金会
guarantee 保证
hamper 妨碍
harness 管理，支配，控制
hereby 在此
hostility 敌意;敌对状态
ideal arena 理想的场所，舞台
impair 损害
impetus 动力
implement 贯彻
in a friendly manner 以友好的方式
in a wide range of areas (就)广泛领域
incapacitate 使不能胜任
incentive 动机;动力
in-depth 彻底的;深入的
integral 整体的
international community 国际社会
2020年CATTI 笔译二级精选词汇
1. resolution: 分辨率
2. blood flow: 血流量
3. subtle changes: 微妙变化
4. brain cells: 脑细胞
5. for the sake of: 为了
6. magnetic resonance imaging: 磁振成像
7. magnetic fields: 磁场
8. have significant implications for sth: 有重大影响
9. high resolution: 分辨率高
10. set aside: 搁置一旁
1. break down into several steps: 分为几步
2. Identify a problem: 找到问题
3. Refer to sth as : 把...称作
4. Problem representation: 问题的描绘
5. Color the facts: 扭曲事实
6. Make a list of sth: 列出
7. Most of the time : 在很多时候
8. In that case: 这样以来
9. be selected from: 从...中选择
10. become mired in sth: 深陷
1. Earn money: 赚钱
2. Get a job: 找工作
3. Improve mental and physical health: 改善身心健康
4. Reduce poverty: 减少贫困
5. Promote efficiency: 提高效率
6. Promote happiness: 令人愉快
7. For the asking: 一经索取可免费赠送
8. Be defined as: 被定义为.../给...下定义
9. scratch one's head: 认真地思索难题
10. Return from=go back: 返回
1. stir up: 激起
2. Be cluttered with: 堆满
3. Assert oneself: 清楚表达自己的观点，并坚决表现
4. Speak publicly: 公开发言
5. Express boldly: 大胆阐述
6. Make concerted/joint efforts to do sth: 共同做某事
7. peace-keeping force: 维和部队
8. On end : 接连着
9. Now and then: 偶尔地
10. Give free vent to one's pent-up emotion : 压抑已久
11. Lack in individuality: 缺乏个性/思维定式
12. unrequited love: 没有回报的爱
13. upwardly mobile: 垂直流动
1. “分为几步”的英文表达是
A. break down onto several steps B. break down into several steps
C. break down at several steps
答案：B
2. “color the facts”的中文意思是___。
A. 协调事实 B. 给事实上颜色 C. 扭曲事实
答案：C
3. “They may be unable to notice the tools __ the solution.”为该句填写合适的介词。
A. for B. to C. in
答案：A
4. “become mired in the options”___。
A. 成为深陷的选项
B. 深陷选择之中
C. 深陷入选项
答案：B
2. “resolution”的中文意思不包括___。
A. 决议 B. 分辨率 C. 再解决
答案：C
3. “The evidence of electrical activity and other changes in brain cells after the outside stimulus has been got by observing...”下面哪个词不是该句的关键词?
A. been got by B. electrical activity C. the outside stimulus
答案：A
4. “磁场”的英文表达是___。
A. magnetic areas
B. magnetic fields
C. magnetic regions
答案：B
1. “改善身心健康”的英文表达是
A. Improve hearted and bodily health B. Improve mental and physical health C. improve heart and body health
答案：B
2. “scratch one's head”的同义替换是___。
A. fidget one's head B. meditate one's head C. wonder one's head
答案：C
3. 下面哪个习惯搭配是正确的?
A. Return from B. Return back C. Return back from
答案：A
2020年CATTI 笔译二级精选词汇
1. 以合作共赢为核心的新型国际关系: this new type of international relations of win-win cooperation/ a new-type international relationship for win-win cooperation
2. 厚积薄发、水到渠成: natural outcome/ naturally
3. 来自于... : originate from...
4. 不是偶然掉在我们头上的一个苹果: be not an apple that fell on our heads
5. 而是: rather
6. 博大精深的: great and profound
7. 立身处世之道: the wisdom of how to function in a social environment
8. 己欲立而立人，己欲达而达人: help others secure a footing and succeed if you are to make it youself
9. 丈夫贵兼济，岂独善其身: A true gentleman is defined by being inclusive of, rather than being insulated from others
10. 人性本恶: human nature being evil/ inherent vice
11. 物竞天折：the survival of the fittest
12. 有着明显不同：differ vastly from sth.
13. 得道才能多助：it is a just cause that enjoys popular support
14. 从自身的经历：what has happened to them
15. 中国朋友遍天下，隔山拒海不能限：China boasts friendship that defies mountains and crosses seas to reach all corners of the world
16. 践行合作共赢：live the vision of win-win cooperation
17. 更有能力做某事：be better-positioned to do sth.
18. Be momentous for sth.：意义重大
19. economically self sufficient：经济上自给自足
1. 国际力量对比: the shift in the international balance of power
2. 人类的发展事业: mankind's development
3. 随着...的来临/演变: with the advent of sth.
4. 前所未有的: never seen before
5. 宗旨和原则: the purposes of principles of sth.
6. 联合国宪章：the UN Charter
7. 往往：more often than not/ tend to do sth.
8. 各种不公正的现象: acts of injustice
9. 依然时有发生: keep emerging
10. 仅仅举几个例子: to name just a few
11. 进入：head for sth.
12. 现在是...的时代/世界：we are living in a ...era/ world when/where
13. 任何一个环节出了问题：any link goes wrong
14. 独善其身：be insulated from sth./ be immune
15. 同舟共济：all must stand together to do sth.
16. 从大局出发：bear in the big picture
17. 现实：the state of affairs
18. a changing climate：气候变化
1. “己欲立而立人，己欲达而达人”的英文表达是___。
A. being able to establish oneself, one should help others to do so
B. help others secure a footing and succeed if you are to make it youself
C. have Yuli written for the people, has been reached and want to reach people
答案：B
2. “新中国成立以来，中国政府积极倡导和平共处五项原则，致力于与各国开展友好合作，既为自身建设添砖加瓦，也为别人发展雪中送炭。”中“添砖加瓦和雪中送炭”翻译时处理为___。
A. make a little contribution
B. offer fuel in snowy weathe
C. power/ fuel
答案：C
3. “ 中国朋友遍天下，隔山拒海不能限。”官方译文是：China's friends are all over the world, near and far，对其进行润色，修改后的英文译文是___。
A. Today China boasts friendship that defies mountains and crosses seas to reach all corners of the world.
B. Chinese friends all over the world,from which the hills and the sea can't be limited.
C. China makes friends，who are separated by many seas and mountains.
答案：A
4. “But the rapid transition from a society of individual fishermen and hunters to an economy supported by corporate mining raises difficult questions. ”该句中“individual fishermen and hunters”翻译为___。
A. 个体渔民和猎人
B. 渔民和猎人
C. 渔民个人和猎人
答案：B
2020年CATTI 笔译二级精选词汇
1. “Carry forward”词组的中文意思是___。
A. 继续开展 B. 继续发扬某种精神 C. 贯彻执行
2. “判重刑”的英文表达是___。
A. give a severe crime B. give a severe service C. give a severe sentence
3. “逐渐减少”的英文表达是___。
A. drop off B. drop over C. drop on
4. at the outset 的同义替换说法是___。
A. from the start
B. at the beginning
C. at the end
1. “公开发言”的英文表达是___。
A. state publicly B. speak publicly C. declare publicly
2. “on end”的同义替换是___。
A. untiringly B. breathlessly C. without interruption
3. “stereotype”的同义替换是___。
A. lack in individuality B. Incomplete C. poorly drawn
4. “obese”的同义替换是___。
A. gainfully employed
B. excessively overweight
C. upwardly mobile
1. bulk purchase: 大宗采购/散装采购
2. carry forward: 继续发扬某种精神或传统
3. endeavor to do sth=work to do: 努力做某事
4. for one's part : 对某人而言
5. for one : 举例来说(我也算其中的一个)
6. No sooner...than: 一...就
7. give a severe sentence: 判重刑
8. drop on: 惩罚，训斥
9. school dropout : 辍学
10. from/at the outset =from/at the beginning
11. speech impediment: 言语障碍者
12. trade barrier: 贸易壁垒
1. stir up: 激起
2. Be cluttered with: 堆满
3. Assert oneself: 清楚表达自己的观点，并坚决表现
4. Speak publicly: 公开发言
5. Express boldly: 大胆阐述
6. Make concerted/joint efforts to do sth: 共同做某事
7. peace-keeping force: 维和部队
8. On end : 接连着
9. Now and then: 偶尔地
10. Give free vent to one's pent-up emotion : 压抑已久
11. Lack in individuality: 缺乏个性/思维定式
12. unrequited love: 没有回报的爱
13. upwardly mobile: 垂直流动
